The theory of consumer behavior in
perspective is built on the basis of Islamic sharia Which turned out to have
fundamental differences with the conventional theory. Consumer behavior is the behavior
shown in the search for consumer, trade, use, evaluate, organize goods or
services they think will satisfy their needs. Another definition is how
consumers want to spend limited resources like money, time, effort to obtain
goods or services desired. Consumption
is an important economic activity, even sometimes considered most important. in conventional economic consumption behavior demanded
by the two basic values, namely rationalism and utilitarianism. The second of
these basic values and then form a hedonistic consumption behavior -
materialistic, individualistic, and wasteful. In simple terms it can be said
that the basic principles for consumption is to consume anything and any amount
as long as: the budget meeting held and that person will have the maximum
satisfaction. There are three basic principles that became the foundation
for the theory of consumption behavior, namely belief in the Day of
Resurrection and the Hereafter, a successful concept, and the function and
status of the property.
A Muslim must believe in faith that there are
doomsday and the afterlife. On the Day of
Resurrection, people will be resurrected from death, after the wake of all
their acts of charity will be calculated (reckoning). After that they will live
a long life either in heaven or in hell, according to the reward or sin he did
while he was in the world. We know that this world is where we stopped and
there was real life in the hereafter. Belief is a fundamental impact on consumption
behavior, for example: a Muslim will take advantage of income and wealth (what
he has) for the sake of the Hereafter.
Success in life is measured by a
Muslim, Islamic religion and morality rather than with the amount of wealth
they have. The higher the higher morality of success achieved. Policy, truth
and faith to the god is the key to Islamic morality. Policy and the truth can
be achieved by someone that is in deed a good and beneficial for all creatures
and stay away from bad behavior. And
faith can be achieved by closer to god.
Property is the grace of god and it is not something
which in itself is bad (which should be shunned in excess). Property is a tool for achieving a good life if we can
use it well and correctly. In contrast to plunge one's property into
humiliation when in use, used and sought not in accordance with the teachings
of Islam. "And the likeness of those who spend their wealth to seek for
the sincerity of gods and to strengthen their souls, like a garden located on
the plateau watered by rain, the garden will produce twice the results. If
heavy rains do not water it then light rain (even adequate). And Allah is Seer of what ye do ", Surat
Al-Baqarah: 265.
Based on these three principles it
is clear that consumption of a Muslim is not intended to seek the maximum
satisfaction as well as in terms of conventional economic theory. Consumption
goal of a Muslim is to seek success and prosperity of life in the world and the
Hereafter in Islamic moral frame or Falah (survival, lasting prosperity,
strength and honor). Thus, a consumer Falah Muslim should seek the highest
possible extent the budget he had.
Source: Anto, Hendrie. Introduction
to Islamic Micro Economics. 2003.Yogyakarta
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